In the age of modern and advanced technologies there are still severe environmental conditions especially in manual labour. The task of employers is to ensure high quality working conditions, whereas the employees should be informed about possible occupational diseases when working in inappropriate environment. The article deals with employment in various industries, the registered number of occupational diseases and their distribution by profession, work-related diseases that occur most often, industries where manual labour is most common. The article presents a concrete example of potential improvements in production of Lapzeme cheese, and the comparison of the reduction of load on muscular and skeletal systems before and after the production process. Manufacturing of unique dairy products requires hard manual labour in accordance with the technological recipes but there is always an opportunity to improve the working environment.