The wet chemical precipitation method was chosen for synthesis of calcium phosphates. It is one of the methods to obtain calcium phosphates that demonstrate both complexity of the method from point of view of physical chemistry and variability of product properties by controlling synthesis parameters. The aim of this work was to study the influence of main processing parameters of wet chemical precipitation synthesis product and to control the morphology, phase and functional group composition and, consequently, thermal stability and microstructure of calcium phosphate bioceramics after thermal treatment. The results showed that it is possible to obtain calcium phosphates with different and reproducible phase compositions after thermal treatment (hydroxyapatite [HAp], β-tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP] and HAp/β-TCP) by modified wet-chemical precipitation route by precise control of composition and structure of calcium containing raw materials and properties of suspension for start of synthesis.