Liepāja as an industrial, commercial and resort city flourished at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, thus promoting the development of architecture and garden art. A great attention was paid to improvement of the environment. The visual image of Liepāja center was formed through the interaction of two cultures – Russian and German, and it reflected the latest European architectural trends in city environment design of the corresponding period. The Rose Square, designed in 1912, became the symbol of Liepāja. The center of Liepāja was reconstructed in 1970 and the original planning composition of the Rose Square was restored. However, there has been no research on the original intent and design of the Rose Square, the original selection of plantings, and the authors of the project. The main aim of this research: to analyze the planning composition and landscape design of Rose Square and to determine impact on the visual image and architectural composition of Liepāja city center before the Second World War. The main results: this research provides valuable information for future local territorial development plans, focusing attention on cultural values and identity. Material and methods: this study is based on research and analysis of cartographic, archive, and photo materials, as well as on a comparison of the use of rose plantations in German cities and Liepāja in the corresponding era.