Population aging is one of the social and economic problems of the 21st century in the developed countries of Europe and around the world. According to UN estimates, the world`s population by 2030, of the age of above 60, will increase by 56%, i.e.from ~ 901million to about ~1,4 million, but by 2050it will reach about~ 2,1 million. Such trend will inevitably affect Latvia and its society. Already, demographic trends in Latvia are indicative of an aging population and a decline in the number of people, especially in the working age population. The main macroeconomic goals of any country are economic development, growth and sustainable development of the country, which, as a result, raises public welfare. In Europe and Latvia, these goals will be achieved by implementing an effective “silver” policy and economy. Not reducing the value of human capital and finding opportunities to increase its productivity is one of the most important long-term challenges in implementing the “silver” economy.The aim of the article is to analyse opportunities for the formation of high-quality human capital in the circumstances of a “silver” society and the factors influencing it.Methods generally recognized in economy: document analysis, comparison, classification, and statistical analysis, will be used in the research.As a result, the author will identify socioeconomic factors that influence opportunities of the development of high-quality human capital in the population aging process that affects employment opportunities. The author will develop recommendations to be implemented in order, despite the negative changes to the demographic situation, the value of human capital will not be reduced, its productivity will be increased by implementing the “silver” economy.