Transport poverty, defined as limited access to affordable, safe, and efficient mobility, is an emerging policy concern with growing relevance to energy, climate, and social equity agendas. While energy poverty is already recognised as a critical challenge in sustainable development, the interlinkages between energy and transport poverty remain insufficiently explored. This paper examines the structural relationship between both forms of poverty, particularly focusing on the role of energy costs in limiting mobility options for vulnerable populations. We argue that transport poverty should be considered a dimension of energy poverty, especially taking into account rising fuel prices, declining access to public transport, and uneven infrastructure development. Using a qualitative policy review combined with a statistical analysis of long-term mobility trends and household expenditure data in Latvia, we identify key patterns of transport exclusion and their overlap with energy vulnerability. The results show a strong correlation between energy cost inflation and reduced mobility, particularly among low-income and rural households, with declining use of public transport further reinforcing structural inequalities. The study also explores future risks and opportunities, including the growing role of electrification, synthetic fuels, and renewable energy in reshaping the transport landscape. Policy implications are discussed, focusing on decentralised, locally adapted solutions aimed at mitigating transport poverty and enhancing inclusive mobility in the context of broader decarbonisation goals.