This study introduces a novel approach using Ag/AgCl nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized via a pH-controlled co-precipitation method for the dual removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. Unlike conventional photocatalysts, the synthesized Ag/AgCl NPs demonstrated high degradation efficiency for bentazon and significant adsorption capacity for Cr2O3 under natural sunlight. The pH-tuned synthesis not only enhanced crystallite structure and catalytic activity but also enabled efficient performance in visible-light-driven processes, making the system eco-friendly, cost-effective, and suitable for real wastewater treatment applications. Ag/AgCl NPs were synthesized via the co-precipitation method and characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and zeta potential measurements to evaluate their structural, morphological, and optical properties. The crystallite size and phase composition of Ag/AgCl NPs were found to be pH-dependent, with the smallest crystallite size (13.29 ± 2.48 nm) observed at pH 8, which also corresponded to the highest photocatalytic efficiency. Photodegradation studies demonstrated that Ag/AgCl NPs achieved a maximum bentazon degradation efficiency of 92.47 ± 5.55% within 180 minutes under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 8) and 87.2 ± 5.23% for Cr2O3 degradation. These findings highlight the potential of Ag/AgCl NPs for environmental remediation, particularly in wastewater treatment applications, where pH optimization plays a critical role in enhancing catalytic performance.