The world building materials industry is running to improve their production and industrial technology on base of the modern research results and nowadays scientific discoveries. These new building materials and products are submitting to testing of quality by government or private institutions in accordance of international standards. Fully new building materials and products aren’t creating every year and amount of new materials is small in comparison with extension of a range of improved existing building materials and products. The attempt to follow to a process of modernization of building materials with aim to evaluate main tendencies is done in this paper. There are objective and subjective factors defining the precondition for creating new building materials. The main properties of new created or modified building materials are ecological purity, saving of energy and raw materials, health conditions and durability. Fully new tendency is to produce the building materials, that are ecological, neutral to human and also have environmental friendly properties, can renew own structure and make more active exploitation properties. The known classification of building material and products as natural stone materials and products, binding materials, artificial stone materials, timber, metals, polymer materials, acoustic materials and finishing materials is considered in the paper. The main guidelines of development and regress of mentioned groups of building materials and structures are reviewed.