Round specimens of high-resistant EP741NP alloy were tested over a fatigue life range of 105-10s cycles under cyclic tension with heating of the surrounding to 650 °C. It is shown that fracture of the specimens begins with a fracture nucleus arising beneath the surface from a cluster of inclusions or formed smooth facet. Further, the process develops along slip planes with intense oxidation of the fracture, whereupon a self-organized discrete transition to fracture in the low-cycle fatigue range occurs with the formation of fatigue striations and less intense oxidation of the fracture. The proposed model of crack edge opening of types III and I during the facet formation and subsequent fracture along slip planes allows explaining the observed mechanisms of subsurface fracture and oxidation of the material.