One of the most widespread illnesses on our planet is the atherosclerosis of blood vessels therefore there is a pathological narrowing the channel of a vessel and as consequence, infringement of a blood-groove. Bodies start to receive less than necessary nutrients, receipt of oxygen decreases. The state of health of the person worsens, quality of its life decreases. For this reason to many patients do reconstructive operation of blood vessels to replace pathologically changed and pathologically congenital segments of system. For carrying out of clinical operations more often use synthetic blood vessels prosthesis manufactured in the USA. Inventions of last years in this area are various enough. For example, blood vessels prosthesis with three-layer structure of a wall that provides to it the steady form and a smooth internal surface is offered. Thus, these blood vessels prosthesis firm enough and badly are exposed to compression, but their structure excludes twisting a material. Final diameter of an blood vessels prosthesis is formed as a result thermo-fixation. In other invention is offered to create an external skeleton into which then directly tubular blood vessels prosthesis is inserted. Last carries out a barrier role and excludes penetration of a liquid through prosthesis walls. Besides it, the blood vessels prosthesis is reinforced by additional ends, tapes or other materials, that negatively influences deformation properties of a product. It is offered also woven blood vessels prosthesis from bunches of warp ends of a basis which number in a bunch can change from 2 up to 5. Warp ends in a bunch can be located across at one level, and can be shifted concerning a horizontal axis – are located with displacement. The structure of artificial limbs of blood vessels can be formed by means of plain, satin, crepe or twill interlacings. Some researchers suggest to make thin-walled blood vessels prosthesis with low amplitude goffering. Such blood vessels prosthesis are implanted by means of catheter. It was easier to observe process of ingrowing of blood vessels prosthesis during the rehabilitation period, into its walls insert special warp ends, not transparent for X-rays. Them make of the titan, stainless steel or polymer. Such structure of blood vessels prosthesis considerably increases their rigidity. One of the inventions described in this paper offers a woven prosthesis with an innovative structure of the wall, capable for a long time to provide normal hemodynamics of the reconstructed blood system.