Rapid development of hemp fiber usage in technical textiles causes demand for them in the whole world. In Latvia there was no experience, knowledge and skills of hemp cultivation and fiber production. The hemp mainly is cultivated with the aim to obtain seeds for food production. From 2008 some farmers tried to grow hemp for fiber production. In 2010th there was approximately 250ha with hemp. This process increases and now more and more farmers wishes to cultivate hemp. As there was no experience, the scientists from Riga Technical University, Textile Technology and Design Institute were started the work on fiber research. The fibres were obtained from hemp which was cultivated in the Agriculture Science Centre of Latgale in 2010. The main tasks are: to determine hemp varieties that gives better results according to Latvian climatic conditions; to assess the fibre quality of local variety Purini; as well as to determine the fiber properties depending on their location in straw. There were used nine varieties of foreign hemp: Bialobrzeskie, Beniko, Epsilon 68, Fedora 17, Felina 32, Santhica 27, Futura 75, USO 31, Finola, and the local variety Purini. Basically plants of all varieties, other than Purini, grown in test plots 1 x 1m in three replications. The fibre quality is characterized by: its fineness; flexibility and mechanical properties. In the Agriculture Science Centre of Latgale there was determined the mass of fibres obtained from straws. As the 2010th year was very untypical for Latvian climatic conditions the research should be continued in the future.