Nikolai's Bathing Establishment and Park Ensemble in the beginning of the 20th Century in Libava
Resorts - Cultural-Historical Landscape and Cultural Space: Conference Papers 2019
Silvija Ozola

In Europe in the middle of the 19th century the situation in health resorts changed significantly: in addition to mineral water drinking attendees more and more appreciated the importance of baths. In the second half of the 19th century in Russia the care of health resorts' development was raised on a governmental level, but in the 60s of the 19th century, resorts became gradually one of the brightest expressions of mass culture in the context of intelligence culture. In Libava (now Liepāja), the climatic conditions, sea water baths, therapeutic mud and water treatments were used for healing. Preserving one part of the sand ramparts' system, formation of the Seaside Park was started by the Great Guilt Elterman Carl Gottlieb Sigismund Ulich’s (1798–1880) initiative. The intention was implemented: in 1870 on the coast “Nikolay’s Hot Seawater Bathing Establishment” was opened and the first trees of the Seaside Park, planted instead of shifting dunes, wet meadows and shrubs, were consecrated. Atmosphere appropriate for recreation and treatment was created in the park. Architect Paul Max Bertschy created environment in traditions of German culture: on the seashore wellness and luxury summer cottages were built and landscape gardens were cultivated. A semicircle of promenades linked resort area with the city centre. In 1902, on the seashore the modern medical complex, that reminiscent of ancient Greek temple, was built. The northern part of the Seaside Park was arranged. Development of architecture and garden art was promoted: outstanding Russian engineers and architects from St. Petersburg were involved in Naval Port Town building and greenery formation, but Libava City centre and resort were created by German architects and landscape art masters. The visual image of Libava was created through interaction between two cultures; it reflected the most recent tendencies of European architecture at that time. The main task of study – to determine characteristics of Libava bathing establishment and park ensemble formation.


Atslēgas vārdi
architect Paul Max Bertschy, bathing establishment, Libava seaside resort, Seaside Park, well-house
Hipersaite
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Ozola, S. Nikolai's Bathing Establishment and Park Ensemble in the beginning of the 20th Century in Libava. No: Resorts - Cultural-Historical Landscape and Cultural Space: Conference Papers, Latvija, Jūrmala, 15.-17. jūnijs, 2017. Rīga: Sava grāmata, 2019, 152.-173.lpp. ISBN 978-9934-582-13-4.

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