The article analyses the aspects of personality traits as well as their role in the choice of one’s employment, field of work, and a career. The theoretical framework is based on the theories of different authors who have studied individual’s adaptation skills to the surrounding world and the work environment, and the decision-making aspects in the process of choosing a career depending on human nature, character, temperament, and other personality traits. The topicality of the study is based on the idea that attitudes, views, values, and lifestyles differ for various social and ethnic groups as well as for different nations and religions. Therefore, the personality characteristics of the inhabitants of Latvia and Bulgaria in different regions aged 19 to 64 were studied and compared during the survey. The study was organized with the aim to assess the personal characteristics of respondents in two countries and their impact on their career choices.