This paper investigates problems related to supply chain risk identification and simulation-based risk evaluation. Accordingly, the paper is divided into two logical parts. The first part represents earlier researches about risk recognition within the sphere of supply chains. The distinction between terms “uncertainty” and “risk” is discussed. Based on the predefined supply chain functions, additional risks connected with supply chain reliability are recognized. Then, a conception of simulation-based risk evaluation approach is discussed. Within the second part of the paper, a numerical example is provided, within which a simplified supply chain system is defined and corresponding risk evaluation is performed.