Port is one of the most important links in the transport chain and one of the main promoters and providers of national economic development. Each port is unique with its geographic location, infrastructure and range of services designed to serve as many ships and cargo as possible and to be competitive in the global logistics market. In order to assess the overall port’s activity, it is necessary to develop systems of port efficiency indicators, because knowing how efficiently the port operates can enable more efficient use of available resources and increase its competitiveness. Under the influence of modern economic processes and also political circumstances, trends in cargo transit flows are often changing rapidly, and ports should be able to diversify their cargo structure with minimal financial losses. Current study provides evaluation of the processes for assessing the efficiency in the transport cargo structure process based on realtime research using the same technologies and methods as well as offering new methods for assessing cargo diversification. The aim of this study was to confirm the importance of timely estimation of possibilities to diversify the cargo structure in order to take respective measures before the specified risks occur in the multimodal transport system by developing a methodological proposal for monitoring and assessment of the efficiency of the cargo structure as well as for measures and comparative assessments.