The accelerating complexity and unpredictability of today’s business environments require innovation ecosystems to become more adaptive, resilient, and foresighted. This paper introduces the Adaptive Open Innovation Systems (AOIS) framework, which synthesizes Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) theory with Open Innovation (OI) principles to empower innovation ecosystems to navigate uncertainty and disruption effectively. By fostering collaborative knowledge sharing, strategic integration, and adaptive learning, AOIS equips organizations and their ecosystems with the capabilities to anticipate emerging challenges, adapt to evolving conditions, and sustain long-term innovation success. At the heart of this study lies the question: how can the AOIS framework enhance strategic foresight and resilience within innovation ecosystems to manage complexity and rapid change better? This research explores this by bridging theoretical insights from CAS and OI with the practice of scenario planning, thus connecting foresight methodologies with adaptive innovation management. Through illustrative examples from digital transformation, healthcare, and automotive sectors, the framework’s practical relevance is demonstrated. This contribution offers both scholars and practitioners a robust conceptual and actionable blueprint for designing and governing innovation ecosystems that are capable of continuous learning, flexibility, and proactive change management. As a result, AOIS serves as a catalyst for transforming uncertainty into opportunity by aligning diverse ecosystem actors toward shared strategic goals.