A new structural approach to obtaining glassy, low-molecular organic materials or molecular glasses suitable for photonic applications has been presented. The method is based on a covalent introduction of triphenylmethoxy, triphenylsilyl or 1,1,1-triphenylpentyl modifying groups to different low-molecular compounds. Amorphous materials have been obtained from structurally different polar donor-π bridge-acceptor type chromophores: azobeneznes, stilbenes, polyenes and also transition metal complexes. Glass transition values of materials vary in the range of 50-120° C depending on structure. Light absorption and thermoplastic properties of materials were characterized. The practical application of materials was demonstrated by carrying non-linear optical and holographic recording experiments. The wide structural selection of synthesized compounds allowed establishing several important relations between structure of materials and their physical properties. The thesis is written in Latvian on 153 pages, contains 76 figures, 8 tables. 11 Supplements are given; 149 literature references are cited.