The aim of this work was to improve the constitutive model of the human mandible and dentition system by taking into account the non-linear material properties of the structural boney matrix that forms the human jaw bone or mandible. Due to the specific structure of the jaw bone the time dependence of the mechanical properties also forms an important stage of the quantification process. The lack of specific experimental data of this type of material prevents the implementation of these properties into finite element simulations which results in poor quality modelling. Here an attempt was made to determine elastic and viscoelastic mechanical characteristics of the compact bone tissue forming the mandible. The elastic properties of compact bone were determined experimentally from 3 point bending tests and the viscoelastic properties were evaluated from creep tests in compression. A particular human jaw from this complex study was used to reconstruct a geometric model for further numerical experiments.